{
  "bbox": [
    12.46,
    55.6,
    12.67,
    55.72
  ],
  "center": [
    12.565,
    55.668
  ],
  "country": "Denmark",
  "defaultZoom": 11,
  "homeCurrency": "DKK",
  "id": "copenhagen",
  "lines": [
    {
      "cityId": "copenhagen",
      "color": "#007d58",
      "displayNumber": "M1",
      "id": "copenhagen-line-m1",
      "name": {
        "da": "Vestamagerlinjen",
        "en": "M1 (Vanløse ↔ Vestamager)"
      },
      "phases": [
        {
          "confidence": "medium",
          "constructionStart": "1996",
          "cost": {
            "basis": "estimate",
            "confidence": "low",
            "nominal": {
              "currency": "DKK",
              "isEstimate": true,
              "value": 5700000000,
              "year": 2002
            },
            "notes": "≈ half of the ~DKK 11–12 billion original Ørestad Metro (M1+M2 stages 1–2, 2002–03). Sources vary widely — some cite ≈DKK 6.7bn (~€900m) for core construction, while broader project figures including Ørestad land development reach ≈DKK 21bn. The 50/50 split between the M1 and M2 branches is indicative. [Citation chase 2026-06-11] No source gives a Stage-1-specific cost; the closest verified actual outturn is DKK 12.1bn for the full M1+M2 system (stages 1–3, 2002–2007) per Danish Wikipedia, corroborated by Flyvbjerg et al. (2008) at ~DKK 11.4bn for the 21 km phases 1–3. A mid-1990s planning estimate of ~DKK 5.5bn covered the whole project (not Stage 1) before scope/cost escalated. The English Wikipedia article attached as the source carries no cost figure (citation-needed tag).",
            "sources": [
              {
                "accessedAt": "2026-06-02",
                "archivedUrl": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260518202249/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copenhagen_Metro",
                "kind": "wikipedia",
                "tier": "tertiary",
                "title": "Copenhagen Metro — Wikipedia",
                "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copenhagen_Metro"
              }
            ]
          },
          "geometryRef": "copenhagen-M1",
          "id": "copenhagen-m1-2002",
          "kind": "initial",
          "label": {
            "en": "Stage 1 opens: Nørreport → Vestamager"
          },
          "notes": "[Date chase 2026-06-12] Construction start of November 1996 (pipe/wire relocation around stations; mainline work began Sept 1997) is attested by both the M1 and Copenhagen Metro Wikipedia articles, both citing Jensen, 'Metro undervejs', Jernbanen no. 5/2002. The Jernbanen PDF archive and the official Metroselskabet history page are now dead links; year 1996 is independently corroborated by the tertiary Railize source.",
          "opened": "2002-10-19",
          "segment": {
            "fromStopIndex": 6,
            "toStopIndex": 14
          },
          "sources": [
            {
              "accessedAt": "2026-06-02",
              "archivedUrl": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260518202249/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copenhagen_Metro",
              "kind": "wikipedia",
              "quote": "The section from Nørreport to Lergravsparken and Vestamager was opened on 19 October 2002.",
              "tier": "tertiary",
              "title": "Copenhagen Metro — Wikipedia (Stage 1 opened 19 Oct 2002)",
              "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copenhagen_Metro"
            },
            {
              "accessedAt": "2026-06-13",
              "archivedUrl": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260512160604/https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%B8benhavns_Metro",
              "kind": "other",
              "publisher": "Wikipedia (Danish)",
              "quote": "den 19. oktober 2002",
              "tier": "tertiary",
              "title": "Københavns Metro — Danish Wikipedia",
              "url": "https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%B8benhavns_Metro",
              "via": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M1_(Copenhagen_Metro)"
            }
          ],
          "stationCount": 9
        },
        {
          "confidence": "medium",
          "geometryRef": "copenhagen-M1",
          "id": "copenhagen-m1-2003-05",
          "kind": "extension",
          "label": {
            "en": "Stage 2A: extended west Nørreport → Frederiksberg"
          },
          "notes": "[Opening-date chase 2026-06-13] Bus schedule changes along the corridor took effect 25 May 2003, but the metro itself opened 29 May 2003 to fit Queen Margrethe II's ceremonial inauguration calendar (causing four days without bus service); 29 May is the public revenue-service opening, not VIP-only.",
          "opened": "2003-05-29",
          "segment": {
            "fromStopIndex": 4,
            "toStopIndex": 6
          },
          "sources": [
            {
              "accessedAt": "2026-06-02",
              "archivedUrl": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260518202249/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copenhagen_Metro",
              "kind": "wikipedia",
              "quote": "stage 2A from Nørreport to Frederiksberg, began on 24 February. It opened on 29 May 2003.",
              "tier": "tertiary",
              "title": "Copenhagen Metro — Wikipedia (Stage 2A opened 29 May 2003)",
              "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copenhagen_Metro"
            },
            {
              "accessedAt": "2026-06-13",
              "archivedUrl": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260512160604/https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%B8benhavns_Metro",
              "kind": "other",
              "publisher": "Wikipedia (Danish)",
              "quote": "den 29. maj 2003",
              "tier": "tertiary",
              "title": "Københavns Metro — Danish Wikipedia",
              "url": "https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%B8benhavns_Metro",
              "via": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M1_(Copenhagen_Metro)"
            }
          ],
          "stationCount": 2
        },
        {
          "confidence": "medium",
          "geometryRef": "copenhagen-M1",
          "id": "copenhagen-m1-2003-10",
          "kind": "extension",
          "label": {
            "en": "Stage 2B: extended west Frederiksberg → Vanløse"
          },
          "notes": "[Opening-date chase 2026-06-13] Flintholm station on this segment did not open with the rest of Stage 2B; it opened later on 24 January 2004. The 12 October 2003 date correctly represents the Frederiksberg-Vanløse segment opening (except Flintholm).",
          "opened": "2003-10-12",
          "segment": {
            "fromStopIndex": 0,
            "toStopIndex": 4
          },
          "sources": [
            {
              "accessedAt": "2026-06-02",
              "archivedUrl": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260518202249/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copenhagen_Metro",
              "kind": "wikipedia",
              "quote": "Stage 2, from Nørreport to Vanløse, opened in 2003 ... Stage 2B, from Frederiksberg to Vanløse, opened on 12 October.",
              "tier": "tertiary",
              "title": "Copenhagen Metro — Wikipedia (Vanløse extension opened 12 Oct 2003)",
              "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copenhagen_Metro"
            },
            {
              "accessedAt": "2026-06-13",
              "archivedUrl": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260512160604/https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%B8benhavns_Metro",
              "kind": "other",
              "publisher": "Wikipedia (Danish)",
              "quote": "den 12. oktober 2003",
              "tier": "tertiary",
              "title": "Københavns Metro — Danish Wikipedia",
              "url": "https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%B8benhavns_Metro",
              "via": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M1_(Copenhagen_Metro)"
            }
          ],
          "stationCount": 4
        }
      ],
      "sources": [
        {
          "accessedAt": "2026-06-02",
          "archivedUrl": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260611121521/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M1_(Copenhagen_Metro)",
          "kind": "wikipedia",
          "tier": "tertiary",
          "title": "M1 (Copenhagen Metro) — Wikipedia",
          "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M1_(Copenhagen_Metro)"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cityId": "copenhagen",
      "color": "#fdc110",
      "displayNumber": "M2",
      "id": "copenhagen-line-m2",
      "name": {
        "da": "Lufthavnslinjen",
        "en": "M2 (Vanløse ↔ Lufthavnen)"
      },
      "phases": [
        {
          "confidence": "high",
          "constructionStart": "1996",
          "cost": {
            "basis": "estimate",
            "confidence": "low",
            "nominal": {
              "currency": "DKK",
              "isEstimate": true,
              "value": 5700000000,
              "year": 2002
            },
            "notes": "≈ half of the ~DKK 11–12 billion original Ørestad Metro (M1+M2 stages 1–2, 2002–03). The 50/50 split between the M1 and M2 branches is indicative; see the M1 phase note for the range of published figures. [Citation chase 2026-06-11] The only sourced figures cover the entire first phase (M1+M2, stages 1–2): a DKK 9.7B budget that rose to a DKK 12.1B final outturn (Berlingske 2007); no source gives a per-branch or per-stage split, so the 5.7B M2-Stage-1 value is the curator's indicative derivation only. The currently attached English Wikipedia article contains no such cost figure; the narrative originates from Danish Wikipedia (Københavns Metro), which should be cited instead.",
            "sources": [
              {
                "accessedAt": "2026-06-02",
                "archivedUrl": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260518202249/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copenhagen_Metro",
                "kind": "wikipedia",
                "tier": "tertiary",
                "title": "Copenhagen Metro — Wikipedia",
                "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copenhagen_Metro"
              },
              {
                "accessedAt": "2026-06-11",
                "archivedUrl": "https://web.archive.org/web/20221116111519/https://www.berlingske.dk/samfund/lufthavns-metro-kommer-til-tiden",
                "kind": "news",
                "publisher": "Berlingske",
                "quote": "Prisen på den første del af metroen skred fra et budget på 9,7 milliarder kroner til en slutpris på 12,1 milliarder kroner",
                "tier": "secondary",
                "title": "Lufthavns-metro kommer til tiden",
                "url": "https://www.berlingske.dk/samfund/lufthavns-metro-kommer-til-tiden",
                "via": "https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%B8benhavns_Metro"
              }
            ]
          },
          "geometryRef": "copenhagen-M2",
          "id": "copenhagen-m2-2002",
          "kind": "initial",
          "label": {
            "en": "Stage 1 opens: Nørreport → Lergravsparken"
          },
          "notes": "[Date chase 2026-06-12] The M2 infobox separately lists 'construction commenced 1998', which refers to main tunnel boring from Islands Brygge (Feb 1998); the curated 1996 correctly reflects the earlier first ground-disturbing work (pipe/wire relocation). [Opening-date chase 2026-06-13] Public and official opening were concurrent on 19 Oct 2002 (inauguration with the Queen, revenue service same day).",
          "opened": "2002-10-19",
          "segment": {
            "fromStopIndex": 6,
            "toStopIndex": 10
          },
          "sources": [
            {
              "accessedAt": "2026-06-02",
              "archivedUrl": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260518202249/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copenhagen_Metro",
              "kind": "wikipedia",
              "quote": "The section from Nørreport to Lergravsparken and Vestamager was opened on 19 October 2002.",
              "tier": "tertiary",
              "title": "Copenhagen Metro — Wikipedia (Stage 1 opened 19 Oct 2002)",
              "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copenhagen_Metro"
            },
            {
              "accessedAt": "2026-06-12",
              "kind": "other",
              "publisher": "Jernbaneklub.dk / Jernbanen",
              "quote": "Construction started in November 1996 [cited source for this claim in M2 Wikipedia article via <ref name=undervejs>]",
              "tier": "secondary",
              "title": "Metro undervejs — Jernbanen journal no. 5, 2002 (Tommy O. Jensen)",
              "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20110719124850/http://www.jernbaneklub.dk/jernbanen/2002/blad5-2002bag-om-metroen-ny4.pdf",
              "via": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M2_(Copenhagen_Metro)"
            },
            {
              "accessedAt": "2026-06-13",
              "archivedUrl": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260122002508/https://myldretid.dk/nyheder/nr/243",
              "kind": "news",
              "publisher": "Myldretid (Thomas de Laine)",
              "quote": "Indvielsen fandt sted med dronning osv. lørdag d. 19. oktober, og denne dag og den næstfølgende gik med indvielsesarrangementer, prøveture og motionsløb.",
              "tier": "secondary",
              "title": "To måneder med metro — Myldretid",
              "url": "http://myldretid.dk/nyheder/nr/243",
              "via": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M2_(Copenhagen_Metro)"
            }
          ],
          "stationCount": 5
        },
        {
          "confidence": "medium",
          "geometryRef": "copenhagen-M2",
          "id": "copenhagen-m2-2003-05",
          "kind": "extension",
          "label": {
            "en": "Stage 2A: extended west Nørreport → Frederiksberg"
          },
          "notes": "[Opening-date chase 2026-06-13] Trial runs through to Frederiksberg began 24 Feb 2003 with empty test trains; revenue opening was 29 May 2003 (date set by Queen Margrethe II's calendar).",
          "opened": "2003-05-29",
          "segment": {
            "fromStopIndex": 4,
            "toStopIndex": 6
          },
          "sources": [
            {
              "accessedAt": "2026-06-02",
              "archivedUrl": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260518202249/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copenhagen_Metro",
              "kind": "wikipedia",
              "quote": "The extension from Nørreport to Frederiksberg became operational, following trial runs beginning February 24, 2003.",
              "tier": "tertiary",
              "title": "Copenhagen Metro — Wikipedia (Stage 2A opened 29 May 2003)",
              "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copenhagen_Metro"
            },
            {
              "accessedAt": "2026-06-13",
              "archivedUrl": "https://web.archive.org/web/20251209081811/https://myldretid.dk/nyheder/nr/254",
              "kind": "news",
              "publisher": "Myldretid (Thomas de Laine)",
              "quote": "Ørestadsselskabet offentliggjorde 25. marts, at metroens etape 2a Nørreport-Forum-Frederiksberg åbner torsdag d. 29. maj, Kristi Himmelfartsdag.",
              "tier": "secondary",
              "title": "Metro til Frederiksberg åbner 29. maj — Myldretid",
              "url": "http://myldretid.dk/nyheder/nr/254",
              "via": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M2_(Copenhagen_Metro)"
            }
          ],
          "stationCount": 2
        },
        {
          "confidence": "medium",
          "geometryRef": "copenhagen-M2",
          "id": "copenhagen-m2-2003-10",
          "kind": "extension",
          "label": {
            "en": "Stage 2B: extended west Frederiksberg → Vanløse"
          },
          "notes": "[Opening-date chase 2026-06-13] Flintholm station was not ready and opened in early 2004; trains initially ran through without stopping. Low-key inauguration (no Queen) as the route reused a converted S-train line.",
          "opened": "2003-10-12",
          "segment": {
            "fromStopIndex": 0,
            "toStopIndex": 4
          },
          "sources": [
            {
              "accessedAt": "2026-06-02",
              "archivedUrl": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260518202249/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copenhagen_Metro",
              "kind": "wikipedia",
              "quote": "The line extended from Frederiksberg to Vanløse, completing the common section for both M1 and M2.",
              "tier": "tertiary",
              "title": "Copenhagen Metro — Wikipedia (Vanløse extension opened 12 Oct 2003)",
              "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copenhagen_Metro"
            },
            {
              "accessedAt": "2026-06-13",
              "archivedUrl": "https://web.archive.org/web/20251218132738/https://myldretid.dk/nyheder/nr/269",
              "kind": "news",
              "publisher": "Myldretid (Thomas de Laine)",
              "quote": "Den 20. august vedtog Ørestadsselskabets bestyrelse, at metroens etape 2b, Frederiksberg-Solbjerg-Lindevang-Flintholm-Vanløse, åbner d. 12. oktober 2003 - mere end to måneder før hidtil planlagt.",
              "tier": "secondary",
              "title": "Metro til Vanløse allerede 12. oktober — Myldretid",
              "url": "http://myldretid.dk/nyheder/nr/269",
              "via": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M2_(Copenhagen_Metro)"
            }
          ],
          "stationCount": 4
        },
        {
          "confidence": "medium",
          "constructionStart": "2005",
          "cost": {
            "basis": "estimate",
            "confidence": "low",
            "nominal": {
              "currency": "DKK",
              "isEstimate": false,
              "value": 1700000000,
              "year": 2007
            },
            "notes": "Cost of the 4.5 km stage 3 from Lergravsparken to the airport. [Corrected 2026-06-12 after citation chase] The previously curated DKK 1.1bn appears in no source; the only contemporary figure isolating stage 3 is DKK 1.7bn, reported at opening as completed within budget (Myldretid, 28 Sep 2007). Adversarial panel confirmed the old value wrong (3 lenses). [Citation chase 2026-06-11] The only contemporary source isolating stage 3's cost (myldretid.dk, published at opening on 2007-09-28) reports 1.7 billion DKK, completed within budget — 55% above the curated 1.1 billion figure, which appears in no source; consider revising the value to ~1.7 billion DKK pending a primary source (Metroselskabet/Ørestadsselskabet report).",
            "sources": [
              {
                "accessedAt": "2026-06-02",
                "archivedUrl": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260518202249/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copenhagen_Metro",
                "kind": "wikipedia",
                "tier": "tertiary",
                "title": "Copenhagen Metro — Wikipedia (stage 3, 4.5 km, opened 28 Sep 2007)",
                "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copenhagen_Metro"
              },
              {
                "accessedAt": "2026-06-11",
                "archivedUrl": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260122013207/https://myldretid.dk/nyheder/nr/482",
                "kind": "news",
                "publisher": "Myldretid (Thomas de Laine)",
                "quote": "Tredje etape har kostet 1,7 mia. kr., er gennemført inden for budgettet og åbnede lidt før tiden.",
                "tier": "secondary",
                "title": "Metro til Lufthavnen indviet",
                "url": "https://myldretid.dk/nyheder/nr/482",
                "via": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copenhagen_Metro"
              },
              {
                "accessedAt": "2026-06-12",
                "archivedUrl": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260122013207/https://myldretid.dk/nyheder/nr/482",
                "kind": "news",
                "publisher": "Myldretid (Thomas de Laine)",
                "quote": "Tredje etape har kostet 1,7 mia. kr., er gennemført inden for budgettet og åbnede lidt før tiden.",
                "tier": "secondary",
                "title": "Metro til Lufthavnen indviet",
                "url": "https://myldretid.dk/nyheder/nr/482",
                "via": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copenhagen_Metro"
              }
            ]
          },
          "geometryRef": "copenhagen-M2",
          "id": "copenhagen-m2-2007",
          "kind": "extension",
          "label": {
            "en": "Stage 3: extended to Copenhagen Airport (Lergravsparken → Lufthavnen)"
          },
          "notes": "[Date chase 2026-06-12] Stage 3 (airport extension) decision was made March 2001 by Copenhagen County Council; financing agreed 12 April 2002. The actual physical construction-start year is not documented in the available Wikipedia sources; the curated 2005 should be flagged as low-confidence pending a primary source on groundbreaking. [Opening-date chase 2026-06-13] Crown Prince Frederik cut the ribbon at 14:51 on 28 Sep 2007; revenue ('passagerførende') trains started immediately after, with free travel the rest of the day.",
          "opened": "2007-09-28",
          "segment": {
            "fromStopIndex": 10,
            "toStopIndex": 15
          },
          "sources": [
            {
              "accessedAt": "2026-06-02",
              "archivedUrl": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260518202249/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copenhagen_Metro",
              "kind": "wikipedia",
              "quote": "The 4.5 km airport extension from Lergravsparken opened, largely following the former Amager railway corridor.",
              "tier": "tertiary",
              "title": "Copenhagen Metro — Wikipedia (airport extension opened 28 Sep 2007)",
              "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copenhagen_Metro"
            },
            {
              "accessedAt": "2026-06-13",
              "archivedUrl": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260122013207/https://myldretid.dk/nyheder/nr/482",
              "kind": "news",
              "publisher": "Myldretid (Thomas de Laine)",
              "quote": "Det var lidt koldt, noget blæsende og temmelig gråt, da metroens forlængelse til Lufthavnen blev indviet fredag 28. september. [...] kronprinsen efter taler af bl.a. Ørestadsselskabets bestyrelsesformand Henning Christophersen kunne klippe den røde snor kl. 14.51. Kort efter begyndte de passagerførende tog at køre.",
              "tier": "secondary",
              "title": "Metro til Lufthavnen indviet — Myldretid",
              "url": "http://myldretid.dk/nyheder/nr/482",
              "via": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M2_(Copenhagen_Metro)"
            }
          ],
          "stationCount": 5
        }
      ],
      "sources": [
        {
          "accessedAt": "2026-06-02",
          "archivedUrl": "https://web.archive.org/web/20251231133619/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M2_(Copenhagen_Metro)",
          "kind": "wikipedia",
          "tier": "tertiary",
          "title": "M2 (Copenhagen Metro) — Wikipedia",
          "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M2_(Copenhagen_Metro)"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cityId": "copenhagen",
      "color": "#ff0a0a",
      "displayNumber": "M3",
      "id": "copenhagen-line-m3",
      "name": {
        "da": "Cityringen",
        "en": "M3 City Circle Line"
      },
      "phases": [
        {
          "confidence": "high",
          "constructionStart": "2011",
          "cost": {
            "basis": "outturn",
            "confidence": "low",
            "nominal": {
              "currency": "DKK",
              "isEstimate": false,
              "value": 22400000000,
              "year": 2019
            },
            "notes": "Actual outturn ≈ DKK 22.4 billion (≈ €3.0 billion). Approved by the Danish Parliament in 2007 at ≈ DKK 15bn, revised to ≈ DKK 21.3bn (2010 prices) when the civil-works contract was awarded to Copenhagen Metro Team in Jan 2011; tunnelling began 2013, the 15.5 km loop opened 29 Sep 2019. A ≈ DKK 25.3bn (2019 prices) figure also circulates but was not independently confirmed on re-verification — using the ≈22.4bn outturn. See research.json. [Citation chase 2026-06-11] Re-verification caveat: the DKK 22.4bn outturn is not stated in any currently attached/cited source — all of them (Railway Technology, Wikipedia, Railway Gazette 2010) support only the DKK 21.3bn (2010-price) contract-award estimate. Confirming the 22.4bn outturn requires a primary Metroselskabet annual report or Danish government source, which should be added before raising confidence.",
            "sources": [
              {
                "accessedAt": "2026-06-02",
                "archivedUrl": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260415041953/https://www.railway-technology.com/projects/cityringen-metro-copenhagen/",
                "kind": "other",
                "quote": "Tunnelling of the two 15.5km parallel tunnels started in 2013.",
                "tier": "secondary",
                "title": "Cityringen Metro, Copenhagen — Railway Technology",
                "url": "https://www.railway-technology.com/projects/cityringen-metro-copenhagen/"
              },
              {
                "accessedAt": "2026-06-02",
                "archivedUrl": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260211062536/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M3_(Copenhagen_Metro)",
                "kind": "wikipedia",
                "quote": "The total cost was estimated at 15 billion kroner but had risen to 21.3 billion kroner ($3.39 billion) when the contractors were announced in late 2010.",
                "tier": "secondary",
                "title": "M3 (Copenhagen Metro) — Wikipedia",
                "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M3_(Copenhagen_Metro)"
              },
              {
                "accessedAt": "2026-06-11",
                "archivedUrl": "https://web.archive.org/web/20200815105924/https://www.railwaygazette.com/nc/news/single-view/view/koebenhavn-cityringen-contractors-selected.html",
                "kind": "news",
                "publisher": "Railway Gazette International",
                "quote": "At a board meeting on November 24 København metro authority Metroselskabet selected the Salini-led Copenhagen Metro Team consortium as preferred bidder to build the infrastructure and Ansaldo STS to supply rolling stock and railway equipment for the city's DKr21·3bn Cityringen driverless metro project.",
                "tier": "secondary",
                "title": "København Cityringen contractors selected",
                "url": "http://www.railwaygazette.com/nc/news/single-view/view/koebenhavn-cityringen-contractors-selected.html",
                "via": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M3_(Copenhagen_Metro)"
              }
            ]
          },
          "geometryRef": "copenhagen-M3",
          "id": "copenhagen-m3-2019",
          "kind": "initial",
          "label": {
            "en": "Cityringen opens: 17-station underground loop"
          },
          "notes": "[Date chase 2026-06-12] Tunnel boring (TBMs) began in 2013 per Wikipedia, but that is a sub-phase within the broader construction programme that started in 2011 (civil engineering contract awarded 7 Jan 2011). The COWI and Ramboll project pages cited in Wikipedia are dead (HTTP 404). [Opening-date chase 2026-06-13] TV 2 article published 07:05 on 29 Sep 2019 confirms this was the public revenue-service opening ('slår dørene op for offentligheden'), not a prior ceremony.",
          "opened": "2019-09-29",
          "sources": [
            {
              "accessedAt": "2026-06-02",
              "archivedUrl": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260211062536/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M3_(Copenhagen_Metro)",
              "kind": "wikipedia",
              "quote": "The line opened on 29 September 2019.",
              "tier": "secondary",
              "title": "M3 (Copenhagen Metro) — Wikipedia (opened 29 Sep 2019, 17 stations)",
              "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M3_(Copenhagen_Metro)"
            },
            {
              "accessedAt": "2026-06-12",
              "archivedUrl": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260415041953/https://www.railway-technology.com/projects/cityringen-metro-copenhagen/",
              "kind": "other",
              "publisher": "Railway Technology",
              "quote": "The Danish Parliament approved the circle line project in mid-2007 while the construction works began in 2011. Construction Started: 2011",
              "tier": "secondary",
              "title": "Cityringen Metro, Copenhagen — Railway Technology",
              "url": "https://www.railway-technology.com/projects/cityringen-metro-copenhagen/",
              "via": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M3_(Copenhagen_Metro)"
            },
            {
              "accessedAt": "2026-06-13",
              "archivedUrl": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260422024404/https://nyheder.tv2.dk/samfund/2019-09-29-13-ting-du-maaske-ikke-vidste-om-den-nye-metrolinje",
              "kind": "news",
              "publisher": "TV 2 Nyheder",
              "quote": "Søndag slår Cityringen dørene op for offentligheden (Sunday, Cityringen opens its doors to the public) — article published 2019-09-29",
              "tier": "secondary",
              "title": "13 ting du måske ikke vidste om den nye metrolinje — TV 2 Nyheder",
              "url": "https://nyheder.tv2.dk/samfund/2019-09-29-13-ting-du-maaske-ikke-vidste-om-den-nye-metrolinje",
              "via": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M3_(Copenhagen_Metro)"
            }
          ],
          "stationCount": 17
        }
      ],
      "sources": [
        {
          "accessedAt": "2026-06-02",
          "archivedUrl": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260211062536/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M3_(Copenhagen_Metro)",
          "kind": "wikipedia",
          "tier": "tertiary",
          "title": "M3 (Copenhagen Metro) — Wikipedia",
          "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M3_(Copenhagen_Metro)"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cityId": "copenhagen",
      "color": "#36b6f1",
      "displayNumber": "M4",
      "id": "copenhagen-line-m4",
      "name": {
        "da": "Havnelinjen",
        "en": "M4 Harbour Line"
      },
      "phases": [
        {
          "confidence": "medium",
          "constructionStart": "2016",
          "cost": {
            "basis": "estimate",
            "confidence": "low",
            "nominal": {
              "currency": "DKK",
              "isEstimate": true,
              "value": 2300000000,
              "year": 2020
            },
            "notes": "Cost of the new Nordhavn branch (two new stations, Nordhavn and Orientkaj) ≈ €310m ≈ DKK 2.3bn at 2020 rates. The 2020 service reused the existing M3 ring tracks between Østerport and København H, so only the Nordhavn spur was newly built. [Citation chase 2026-06-11] The sole supporting source (IRJ) quotes the branch cost as \"an estimated €310m\"; the DKK 2.3bn value is a curator currency conversion, not a figure stated in any source, and no independent corroborating source was found — hence the estimate flag and low confidence.",
            "sources": [
              {
                "accessedAt": "2026-06-02",
                "archivedUrl": "https://web.archive.org/web/20250906100203/https://www.railjournal.com/passenger/metros/copenhagen-opens-nordhavn-metro-extension/",
                "kind": "news",
                "title": "Copenhagen opens Nordhavn metro extension — International Railway Journal",
                "url": "https://www.railjournal.com/passenger/metros/copenhagen-opens-nordhavn-metro-extension/"
              }
            ]
          },
          "geometryRef": "copenhagen-M4",
          "id": "copenhagen-m4-2020",
          "kind": "initial",
          "label": {
            "en": "M4 opens: Orientkaj → København H (Nordhavn branch)"
          },
          "notes": "[Date chase 2026-06-12] Construction-start 2016 for the Nordhavn branch remains unconfirmed at year granularity: primary Metroselskabet press releases and Wikipedia attest only to 2012 Parliament approval and 2014 contract signing. The 2015-2016 Metroselskabet press archive (where a groundbreaking notice would appear) is no longer in the live or archived sitemap.",
          "opened": "2020-03-28",
          "segment": {
            "fromStopIndex": 0,
            "toStopIndex": 7
          },
          "sources": [
            {
              "accessedAt": "2026-06-04",
              "archivedUrl": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260210123101/https://metroselskabet.dk/en/contact-and-press/press/press-releases/nordhavn-to-be-connected-to-the-metro-network-on-28-march/",
              "kind": "primary",
              "quote": "On Saturday 28 March 2020, the new M4 metro line will open. ... With the opening of the M4, the Copenhagen metro network will add the two stations Orientkaj and Nordhavn.",
              "tier": "primary",
              "title": "Nordhavn to be connected to the Metro network on 28 March — Metroselskabet (press release)",
              "url": "https://metroselskabet.dk/en/contact-and-press/press/press-releases/nordhavn-to-be-connected-to-the-metro-network-on-28-march/"
            },
            {
              "accessedAt": "2026-06-02",
              "archivedUrl": "https://web.archive.org/web/20251224103419/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M4_(Copenhagen_Metro)",
              "kind": "wikipedia",
              "quote": "The M4 was opened on 28 March 2020 when two additional stations were opened in the Nordhavn district.",
              "tier": "tertiary",
              "title": "M4 (Copenhagen Metro) — Wikipedia (Nordhavn section opened 28 Mar 2020)",
              "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M4_(Copenhagen_Metro)"
            }
          ],
          "stationCount": 2
        },
        {
          "confidence": "medium",
          "constructionStart": "2018",
          "cost": {
            "basis": "outturn",
            "confidence": "high",
            "nominal": {
              "currency": "DKK",
              "isEstimate": false,
              "value": 8600000000,
              "year": 2021
            },
            "notes": "Final construction cost DKK 8.6 billion (2021 prices) for the 5.7 km Sydhavn extension (five new stations: Havneholmen, Enghave Brygge, Sluseholmen, Mozarts Plads, København Syd / formerly Ny Ellebjerg) — about DKK 1.8bn under the DKK 10.4bn budget (incl. reserves). Construction 2018→2024; opened 22 Jun 2024. Cross-checked against Metroselskabet’s primary \"on time, on budget\" report; the figure was contested by the verification panel and confirmed by the Opus tiebreaker. [Citation chase 2026-06-11] The DKK 8.6bn figure is the actual construction outturn cost (vs the original DKK 10.4bn budget including reserves), per Metroselskabet's primary post-completion report. The stated 2021 price-year label is not explicitly confirmed by the primary source and likely reflects an earlier estimate vintage rather than the final report's basis.",
            "sources": [
              {
                "accessedAt": "2026-06-04",
                "archivedUrl": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260310163258/https://metroselskabet.dk/en/contact-and-press/press/press-releases/new-report-metroselskabet-delivered-mega-project-on-time-on-budget-and-with-far-more-passengers-than-expected/",
                "kind": "primary",
                "quote": "The total construction costs were DKK 8.6 billion ... the original construction budget was DKK 10.4 billion including reserves",
                "tier": "primary",
                "title": "New report: Metroselskabet delivered mega-project on time, on budget — Metroselskabet (press release)",
                "url": "https://metroselskabet.dk/en/contact-and-press/press/press-releases/new-report-metroselskabet-delivered-mega-project-on-time-on-budget-and-with-far-more-passengers-than-expected/"
              },
              {
                "accessedAt": "2026-06-02",
                "archivedUrl": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260519072555/https://www.railway-technology.com/projects/sydhavn-metro-line-line-4-copenhagen/",
                "kind": "other",
                "tier": "secondary",
                "title": "Sydhavn Metro Line (Line 4), Copenhagen — Railway Technology",
                "url": "https://www.railway-technology.com/projects/sydhavn-metro-line-line-4-copenhagen/"
              }
            ]
          },
          "geometryRef": "copenhagen-M4",
          "id": "copenhagen-m4-2024",
          "kind": "extension",
          "label": {
            "en": "Sydhavn extension: København H → København Syd"
          },
          "notes": "[Date chase 2026-06-12] Construction start (2018) confirmed by primary Metroselskabet sources: site work began August 2018, with the official first-spade ceremony at Enghave Brygge on 8 November 2018.",
          "opened": "2024-06-22",
          "segment": {
            "fromStopIndex": 7,
            "toStopIndex": 12
          },
          "sources": [
            {
              "accessedAt": "2026-06-04",
              "archivedUrl": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260310153131/https://metroselskabet.dk/en/contact-and-press/press/press-releases/the-m4-metro-line-to-sydhavn-and-valby-opens-on-22-june/",
              "kind": "primary",
              "quote": "On Saturday 22 June 2024, Metroselskabet will open the doors to the long-awaited extension of the M4 metro line. ... The M4 extension consists of five new metro stations in Copenhagen: Havneholmen, Enghave Brygge, Sluseholmen, Mozarts Plads and Copenhagen South.",
              "tier": "primary",
              "title": "The M4 metro line to Sydhavn and Valby opens on 22 June — Metroselskabet (press release)",
              "url": "https://metroselskabet.dk/en/contact-and-press/press/press-releases/the-m4-metro-line-to-sydhavn-and-valby-opens-on-22-june/"
            },
            {
              "accessedAt": "2026-06-02",
              "archivedUrl": "https://web.archive.org/web/20251224103419/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M4_(Copenhagen_Metro)",
              "kind": "wikipedia",
              "tier": "tertiary",
              "title": "M4 (Copenhagen Metro) — Wikipedia (Sydhavn extension opened 22 Jun 2024)",
              "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M4_(Copenhagen_Metro)"
            }
          ],
          "stationCount": 5
        }
      ],
      "sources": [
        {
          "accessedAt": "2026-06-02",
          "archivedUrl": "https://web.archive.org/web/20251224103419/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M4_(Copenhagen_Metro)",
          "kind": "wikipedia",
          "tier": "tertiary",
          "title": "M4 (Copenhagen Metro) — Wikipedia",
          "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M4_(Copenhagen_Metro)"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "name": {
    "da": "København",
    "en": "Copenhagen"
  }
}